LABOR PRODUCTIVITY - RETAIL CENTER - WORK GROUP DISCUSSION

Labor and Human Capital,

Investigations on transparent liquid-miscibility gap systems

Sedimentation and phase separation is a well known occurrence in monotectic or miscibility gap alloys. Previous investigations indicate that it may be possible to prepare such alloys in a low-gravity space environment but recent experiments indicate that there may be nongravity dependent phase separation processes which can hinder the formation of such alloys. Such phase separation processes are studied using transparent liquid systems and holography. By reconstructing holograms into a commercial-particle-analysis system, real time computer analysis can be performed on emulsions with diameters in the range of 5 micrometers or greater. Thus dynamic effects associated with particle migration and coalescence can be studied. Characterization studies on two selected immiscible systems including an accurate determination of phase diagrams, surface and interfacial tension measurements, surface excess and wetting behavior near critical solution temperatures completed

Pressures and Preferences Affecting Willingness to Apply Beef Manure on Crops in the Colorado High Plains

Little is known about producers' willingness to use manure. Past studies have focused on substitutability for fertilizers. We surveyed crop producers in a cattle-dense region of the Colorado Plains about whether and why they apply manure, focusing on how pressures (like owning cattle) or preferences (pro and con) affect their adoption. Using logistic regression, findings show that pressure and preference (PS/PF) significantly affect adoption. A producer with high PS/PF was 10 times more likely to use manure than one with low PS/PF. Policy and decision makers can use such findings to inform education and policy aimed at increasing the land application of manure.cattle, economic benefits, economic costs, management, manure application, Crop Production/Industries,

SOCIOLOGICAL WORK ON ENERGY: THE OPPORTUNITY AND SOME PRESCRIPTIONS

The opportunity for sociological work on energy is demonstrated by a critical review of several bodies ofnon-sociological work on energy. Included in this review is the crisis genre, the energy primer, the political economy of energy, the work of "renegade" scientists, and research by traditional economists. By criticizing these bodies of work, the potential contribution of sociology to the intellectual debate over energy is shown. Besides these critical comments, there are also several positive prescrip tions suggesting that sociological work on energy be critical, historical, and theoretical

Cooptation : analysis of a neglected social process

M.A. University of Kansas, Sociology. 1978The concept of cooptation is at the same time very popular and quite neglected. One frequently reads or hears the phrase mentioned in passing, as though there were agreement as to what it meant, but there is a dearth of work on the subject. In one of the few works focusing directly on the subject, Karl Loewenstein (1973:21) decries the 11 complete lack of systematic research on cooptation11 and notes that the standard references in sociology and political science either mention it not at all or contain only a few sentences on the subject. There exist only two books, to the current author's knowledge, in which cooptation is a major concept: Loewenstein's work in German, which is an attempt to develop a model of cooptation, and one work in English, Selznick's TVA and the Grass Roots (1949), a case study of the TVA using cooptation as a basic concept. The neglect of the concept, coupled with the varieties of its use, as will be documented below, would be enough to justify the current investigation. Additional justification rests on two bases: 1) insofar as power is a basic process in all societies, organizations, and groups, and since cooptation is a part of the power process, it has import; and 2) hopefully, the reader will agree that cooptation is a ubiquitous phenomenon, occurring just as ordinarily as other recognized social processes, such as assimilation, accommodation, or revolution. The intent of this investigation is to clarify the concept of cooptation and show its use as an analytic and explanatory device, and to formulate some notions about typical patterns and outcomes of the cooptation process. To begin, my working definition of a threat model of cooptation will be presented along with a model of a power system which, as will be seen, is the locus for the occurrence of cooptation. Then, several other models of cooptation will be examined with critiques indicating the need for the new conceptualization represented by the threat model

Radio Galaxy Clustering at z~0.3

Radio galaxies are uniquely useful as probes of large-scale structure as their uniform identification with giant elliptical galaxies out to high redshift means that the evolution of their bias factor can be predicted. As the initial stage in a project to study large-scale structure with radio galaxies we have performed a small redshift survey, selecting 29 radio galaxies in the range 0.19<z<0.45 from a contiguous 40 square degree area of sky. We detect significant clustering within this sample. The amplitude of the two-point correlation function we measure is consistent with no evolution from the local (z<0.1) value. This is as expected in a model in which radio galaxy hosts form at high redshift and thereafter obey a continuity equation, although the signal:noise of the detection is too low to rule out other models. Larger surveys out to z~1 should reveal the structures of superclusters at intermediate redshifts and strongly constrain models for the evolution of large-scale structure.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ Letter

STUDENT VALUES AND PRESTIGE STRUCTURE WITHIN TWO SECONDARY SCHOOL SYSTEMS

Two factors are hypothesized to underlie the prestige of students within secondary school systems: family background, and personal qualities of the student. In a survey of two school systems, this hypothesis was not supported. An additional hypothesis suggested that the content of student values should become more like those of the adult world as the students progress through high school; this was partially supported. The prestige values cited by student respondents are similar to those found in earlier studies by Coleman and Hollingshead. However, a new complex of anti-establishment values is also revealed in student responses

Large amounts of optically-obscured star formation in the host galaxies of some type-2 quasars

We present Hubble Space Telescope images, and spectral energy distributions from optical to infrared wavelengths for a sample of six 0.3<z<0.8 type-2 quasars selected in the mid-infrared using data from the Spitzer Space Telescope. All the host galaxies show some signs of disturbance. Most seem to possess dusty, star-forming disks. The disk inclination, estimated from the axial ratio of the hosts, correlates with the depth of the silicate feature in the mid-infrared spectra, implying that at least some of the reddening towards the AGN arises in the host galaxy. The star formation rates in these objects, as inferred from the strengths of the PAH features and far-infrared continuum, range from 3-90 Msun/yr, but are mostly much larger than those inferred from the [OII]3727 emission line luminosity, due to obscuration. Taken together with studies of type-2 quasar hosts from samples selected in the optical and X-ray, this is consistent with previous suggestions that two types of extinction processes operate within the type-2 quasar population, namely a component due to the dusty torus in the immediate environment of the AGN, and a more extended component due to a dusty, star forming disk.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted by ApJ Letter

Mid-infrared selection of quasar-2s in Spitzer's First Look Survey

We present early results from the spectroscopic follow-up of a sample of candidate obscured AGN selected in the mid-infrared from the Spitzer First Look Survey. Our selection allows a direct comparison of the numbers of obscured and unobscured AGN at a given luminosity for the first time, and shows that the ratio of obscured to unobscured AGN at infrared luminosities corresponding to low luminosity quasars is ~1:1 at z~0.5. Most of our optically-faint candidate obscured AGN have the high-ionization, narrow-line spectra expected from type-2 AGN. A composite spectrum shows evidence for Balmer absorption lines, indicating recent star-formation activity in the host galaxies. There is tentative evidence for a decrease in the obscured AGN fraction with increasing AGN luminosity.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the workshop "Multiband approach to AGN" Bonn October 2004 in Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italian